Understanding the Different Types of Electrical Wiring

Whether you're planning a renovation, troubleshooting an electrical issue, or just curious, it’s important to understand the different types of wiring that bring power to your home or business.

In this brief article brought to you by Mr. Electric, we investigate just that. If you are considering an electrical wiring installation or repair, then call Mr. Electric to hire a certified electrician.

What is electrical wiring?

Let’s start with the basics. Electrical wiring refers to the network of wires and cables that carry electrical power from your main service panel (breaker box) to outlets, switches, and appliances throughout your home or building. Without these wires, electricity would have no path to travel.

Types of electrical wiring

While all wiring essentially performs the same function of transporting electricity, there are several different types with each designed for specific uses and environments.

NON-METALLIC SHEATHED CABLE:

Also known as Romex (a popular brand), NM cable is the most commonly used type of wiring in residential homes. It consists of two or more wires wrapped in a plastic sheathing. Inside, you’ll find one or more insulated "hot" wires (usually black or red), a neutral wire (white), and a bare copper grounding wire.

ARMORED CABLE, or BX CABLE:

Armored cable, often referred to as BX cable, consists of wires wrapped in a flexible metal sheath. The metal casing provides extra protection, making it ideal for areas where wiring may be exposed to potential physical damage.

UNDERGROUND FEEDER CABLE:

When electrical wiring needs to be buried underground, UF cable is the answer. It’s similar to NM cable but is designed with a tougher, waterproof jacket to withstand moisture, soil conditions, and other environmental factors.

METAL-CLAD CABLE

Similar to armored cable but with more robust protection, MC cable features a metal jacket and internal aluminum or copper wires. It’s commonly used in commercial and industrial applications.

LOW VOLTAGE WIRING

Low-voltage wiring is used for systems that require less power, such as doorbells, thermostats, and home security systems. These wires are usually thinner than regular electrical wiring and are rated for specific low-voltage tasks.

What type of wiring is right for you?

There are a few things to keep in mind when considering wiring options. The first is voltage and load. Consider the electrical demand of the devices or systems being powered. Will the wiring be for high-powered appliances, low-voltage lighting, or standard outlets?